Yoga Statistics: How Many People Practice Yoga Worldwide 2025?

The practice of yoga started around 3000 BCE near indus valley civilization in south asia.yoga was first introduced in the united states in 1863 but only became popular in the 1930s as it slowly became a part of american mainstream culture. Today many people practice yoga as a physical and mental exercise to help them with stress and anxiety.

In this article we will share the yoga statistics, fact demographics and infographics in a wide variety of areas , from market statistics and forecasts to demographics for those who are interested in practicing yoga or want to know more about their benefits. If you are an aspiring yoga teacher or business owner you can gain insights into the yoga industry, to know the yoga business better or to help you to make decisions.

Who practices yoga?

While yoga has traditionally been more popular among women, the number of male practitioners is steadily rising. In the United States alone, male participation grew from 4 million in 2012 to 14 million in 2022.

According to Statista’s Global Consumer Survey, this gender gap is seen across many countries:

• In the U.S., U.K., and Spain, about 30% of women and only 10% of men report practicing yoga or similar wellness activities.

• South Korea shows the highest disparity, with 43% of women engaging in yoga, compared to a much smaller male demographic.

However, the trend shifts when we look at India, yoga’s birthplace:

• Here, 22% of male respondents who engage in physical activity say they practice yoga, compared to 31% of women.

• This smaller gender gap may be attributed to cultural familiarity and deeper roots of yoga in Indian society.

These figures highlight a global pattern: yoga is still more popular among women, but interest among men is growing—especially in regions with strong cultural ties to the practice.

The modern yoga landscape is becoming more diverse, accessible, and inclusive than ever before.

Age Demographics

The largest group of yoga practitioners falls within the 30–49 age range. However, yoga’s reach is expanding:

• Teenagers are discovering yoga through school programs that include breathwork and movement.

• Older adults are staying active and mobile through chair yoga and adaptive yoga, making the practice more accessible across age groups.

Who’s Teaching Yoga?

Yoga instructors often reflect their students:

• According to Yoga Alliance, about 87% of yoga teachers in the U.S. are women aged 30–49.

• This demographic continues to dominate studios, but the community is evolving.

Growing Inclusivity

Yoga is no longer confined to one type of body, background, or identity. Today’s practitioners and instructors are increasingly:

• Emphasizing body diversity, racial representation, trauma-informed approaches, and neurodivergent-friendly practices.

• In the U.S., 38% of practitioners now identify as people of color, a sign of growing inclusivity and outreach.

The Rise of Digital Yoga

Thanks to technology, yoga is now available at the click of a button:

• Over 40% of students prefer virtual classes, a trend that surged during the pandemic and continues to thrive.

• This shift has opened doors for those who previously lacked access, whether due to mobility, location, or time constraints.

Yoga & Economic Access: Who Can Afford to Practice?

Yoga has seen a significant rise in global popularity, but economic accessibility varies widely by region.

United States

According to the 2016 Yoga in America study:

• 59% of yoga practitioners earn over $75,000/year

• Nearly 30% make more than $100,000/year

This suggests that in the U.S., yoga is predominantly practiced by middle- and high-income individuals, with access often tied to financial privilege.

United Kingdom

As per IBISWorld's 2023 market report:

• Average drop-in yoga classes cost between £10–£20

• Monthly memberships can range from £80–£100

This positions yoga in the UK as a premium wellness service, often accessible only to those with disposable income.

India: A Contrast in Accessibility

In contrast, yoga in India remains culturally integrated and economically inclusive:

• Many sessions are offered by donation or free, especially in ashrams, schools, or community parks.

• The practice is part of daily life and is not viewed as a luxury, but as a spiritual and physical necessity.

Also Read: How to Become a Certified Yoga Instructor

The increasing popularity of yoga in the U.S. is evident from the Yoga in America study of 2016, which observed a significant rise in yoga practitioners from 17.8% in 2012 to 28% in 2016. The economic impact of this growing trend is substantial, with the yoga industry's value reaching $37.46 billion globally in 2019 and projected to escalate to $66.23 billion by 2027, as per Zippia. This data underscores yoga's expanding appeal and its substantial contribution to the wellness and fitness industry worldwide.

The global yoga industry is a major force in the wellness and fitness sector, with a valuation  over $88 billion. This figure is expected to grow even more to $215 billion by 2025, around the world there are more than  300 million individuals practicing yoga. The period from 2010 to 2021 saw a remarkable surge in yoga's popularity, with an increase of 63.8%, showcasing that more and more people are getting interested in it.

The growth is not just in the number of practitioners but also in the emocomic footprint of yoga, on an average individuals invest between 500$ to 1000$ each year on yoga related products and classes

Yoga Fun Facts – Did You Know?

• NASA astronauts practice yoga in space to combat the effects of microgravity and stay centered in orbit.

• The longest solo yoga marathon lasted an astonishing 35 hours and 10 minutes — talk about stamina!

• In 2014, India set a world record by hosting the largest yoga class ever, with over 100,000 participants.

• Goat yoga, the quirky blend of yoga and barnyard fun, began in Oregon in 2016 and now thrives in over 30 U.S. states.

• The familiar "sticky mat" wasn’t invented until the 1980s — before that, yogis practiced on towels or rugs.

• Spotify features over 10,000 yoga playlists, from ambient flows to upbeat power vinyasa vibes.

Yoga Statistics in the US

From 2010 to 2021 the number of Americans who did yoga at least once a year increased by 64%, growing from 21 million to 35 million people. This shows the popularity of yoga is increasing in the US, which suggests that the yoga industry has a potential for growth and expansion. In 2015, 26 million people in the US were practicing yoga and it was expected that by 2020 this number would reach 55 million. 

Age and Demographics Statistics in the US

Yoga is popular among various age groups in the US,about 19% of people who practice yoga are between 18-29 years old, 43 % people make up the biggest group is aged from 30-49. The number of practitioners over 50 has also increased up 38% in the US.this shows that yoga is something almost anyone can do, no matter their age, and its useful for people at different points in their lives.

It has also been found that about 7% of total practitioners are above the age of 65 years.

How many people practice yoga in the US?

• The number of people who practice yoga has significantly increased by 64% in the last 12 years.

• Statista reported that the number of yoga practitioners increased from 21 million in 2010 to 34.4 million in 2021.

• Facts about yoga’s popularity show that 15% of Americans have practiced yoga in the last 6 months.

• By 2017 yoga was recognized as the most popular complementary health practice among us adults.

• Recent meditation statistics shows that meditation has also gained popularity and become another go-to complementary health practice among Americans.

Frequency of Yoga Practice in America

Experience of yoga practitioners in America

64% of yogis consider themselves “beginners” or “brand new” to yoga.

An additional 22% identify themselves as intermediate yoga practitioners, and 12% identify themselves as advanced.

Yoga in South America

Brazil

• Regular Practitioners: 3–4% of the population (approx. 6–8 million)

• Average Age: ~35 years

Argentina

• Regular Practitioners: 2–3% (approx. 1–1.5 million)

• Average Age: 35–40 years

Chile, Peru & Other Countries

• Chile: 1–2% (approx. 200,000–400,000)

• Peru: ~1% of the population

• Average Age: ~35 years

Historical Background: Yoga’s Demographic Shift

Yoga has undergone a remarkable evolution — not just in style and practice, but also in who practices it.

Originally, yoga was an exclusive, male-dominated tradition in India, practiced by sadhus — ascetics who renounced worldly life in pursuit of spiritual liberation. For centuries, it was passed down orally from guru to disciple, primarily within monastic communities.

The shift began in the early 20th century, thanks to pioneers like T. Krishnamacharya, known as the father of modern yoga. He trained several influential teachers, including Indra Devi, one of the first women to spread yoga internationally.

However, the real demographic transformation occurred when yoga reached the West. By the 1970s — and even more so in the 1990s and early 2000s — Western women embraced yoga, turning it into a global wellness movement. Today, women make up the majority of yoga practitioners worldwide.

New Yoga Research Studies

According to psychology today based upon yoga interventions yoga is being recognized as a potential alternative for the treatment of mood disorders. This article author susan trachman M.D is an associate professor at the george washington university and a board certified psychiatrist in adult and forensic psychiatry.

Dr. Trachman points to multiple studies indicating yoga’s therapeutic benefits for conditions like traumatic stress disorder and gastrointestinal issues  and a few other ailments.

According to a new Harvard study: hot yoga may help ease depression. A study by Harvard medical school was published in the journal of  clinical psychiatry on 23th October 2023. The study involved 65 adults with depression who were either assigned to participate in hot yoga sessions twice a week or placed on a waiting list. After 8 weeks those in the group of yoga showed a significant reduction in depression symptoms, with approximately 60% experiencing a 50% or more decrease, compared to only 6% in the wait-list group.

The study highlights the promise of hot yoga as either a primary or complementary treatment for depression, although individuals with certain health conditions should proceed with caution.The key takeaway from this research is that practicing hot yoga twice a week for 90 minutes each session could potentially ease symptoms of depression.

Also Read: Yoga Alliance Accredited Yoga Schools

Yoga has become one of the fastest-growing wellness industries over the last ten years.

• Approximately 300 million people practice yoga regularly worldwide.

• Approximately 36 million Americans practice yoga regularly.

• In the past 5 years alone, yoga practitioners in the U.S have increased by over 50%.

• Between 2012 and 2016 the number of men practicing yoga went from 4 million to 10 million marking a 150% increase.

• 34% of people in the US are likely to give yoga a try  for the first time in the upcoming year.

• Currently, 1 in 3 Americans(30%), have at least tried yoga.

• Yoga is one of the top 10 fitness trends in the world according to 2019 statistics lists.

• The number of U.S yoga practitioners will grow to over 55 million by 2020.

Statistics on effects of yoga on emotional well being:

In a survey conducted on regular yoga practitioners reported the following effects of yoga on emotional well being.

• 86% report a reduction in stress.

• 69% report an improvement in their overall mood and temperament.

• 63% report yoga mentally motivates them to exercise more.

• 59% report an improvement in sleep quality and quantity.

• 86% report an overall improved sense of mental wellness and clarity.

• 28% report a noticeable reduction of depression symptoms.

• 79% report a feeling of closeness with their community and wanting to give back.

Physical Benefits of yoga and its Statistics:

Yoga offers innumerable physical benefits , supported by various studies and statistics. Here we prove to you  the statistics of the physical benefits of yoga.

Yoga statistics for specific physical conditions or diseases:

Yoga study has shown benefits to physical conditions as well as ease the symptoms of chronic and internal disease.

• 77% report being physically stronger.

• 82% of patients surveyed with chronic inflammation reduced inflammation by nearly 50% after just 6 weeks daily yoga.

• 47% of patients surveyed with progressive heart disease stopped further progression completely after one year of regular yoga practice.

• 37% of people who drank excessively and/or smoked cigarettes credit yoga with encouraging them to stop.

• According to a 2018 study in the UK 74% of adults with arthritis used regular yoga practice to significantly reduce pain and stiffness, and improve their mobility.

• 12 months of regular yoga practice can decrease total cholesterol by 23% and 26% of the LDL “bad” cholesterol.

• More than 80% of yoga practitioners who previously experienced lower back pain noted a significant relief in their symptoms.

Statistics on Yoga related Injuries:How common are yoga injuries?

• Research published in the Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies has found that about 10% of individuals experience pain following a yoga session.

• Studies suggest that the injury rate from practicing yoga is similar to that of other sports. This is evidenced by a study from the Faculty of Health Science at Sydney University in 2017, which followed 354 individuals with musculoskeletal pain who had previously attended yoga classes. In this study, 21% of participants reported that yoga exacerbated their pain, and over 10% felt that yoga was the direct cause of their pain.

• Data from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System indicates that the injury rate for yoga practitioners has been rising. In 2001, there were 9.5 injuries per 100,000 participants, a number that increased to 17 per 100,000 participants. This rate is comparable to injuries seen in sports like weight-training and golf. The increase in injuries is partially attributed to the rise of unqualified instructors leading classes for beginners.

• Despite the increase in injury rates, yoga remains statistically safer than many high-impact sports. For instance, the injury rate for basketball is significantly higher, with 149 injuries per 100,000 participants.

• The majority of yoga-related injuries involve the lower body, particularly the hips, knees, ankles, or feet.

The Yoga Hype is Real!

Yoga isn't just a practice — it's a global movement.

• 60+ million yoga-related posts are always trending on Instagram

• 10,000+ yoga playlists available on Spotify to match your vibe

• Hashtag #yoga sees thousands of photos and reels uploaded daily

Whether it's a serene sunrise pose or a sweaty vinyasa flow, the world is sharing their yoga journey — one post, playlist, and pose at a time.

Yoga Practitioners by Country

Though yoga originated in India,  its practice has spread globally, becoming popular in many countries. Here's a look at how yoga has been embraced around the world, with some statistics for reference:

Yoga Industry and its Stats:

Even though yoga is a simple practice but still continues to make profits and is a rapidly growing industry.

• In 2018 yoga enthusiast collective spent close to 18 billion dollars annually on classes, clothes, and other items which is about $ 63,000 per person.

• There are currently 6,000 operating yoga studios in the U.S.

• As of 2018, there are 18,000 yoga instructor schools in the United States.

• There were over 52,000 registered yoga instructors in 2017.

• The revenue made from the yoga industry in the US is expected to increase to 12 billion dollars  by 2020 

• The global yoga market is expected to grow to 80 billion dollars

• Lululemon, a popular yoga apparel retailer has grown 18% in just one year, grossing 929 million.

• In the United States 24% of yoga practitioners do yoga at home with the help of a digital yoga guide. 

Yoga Statistics in Asia

China

• 10 million people practice yoga regularly

• 10% of Chinese millionaires favor yoga — it's the 4th most popular sport among this group

• Yoga studios tripled between 2017 and 2021

• Occasional practice is growing steadily

Japan

• A 2017 survey estimated 7.7 million yoga practitioners

• Over the last five years, Japan experienced a 400%+ surge in yoga participation

• Projections suggest the number of practitioners could double within three years

Thailand & Malaysia

• Urban participation: 3–5% have tried yoga

• Regular practitioners: Less frequent

• Average age: Early to mid-30s

Singapore

• Participation: ~10% have tried yoga

• Regular practice: 5–7%

• Average age: 30–40 years

Hong Kong

• Participation: ~10%, with 5–7% practicing regularly

• Average age: 35–45 years

Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam & Mongolia

• Yoga participation: Frequently below 1–2%

Yoga Statistics in Europe and the UK

Why Do People in the UK Practice Yoga?

A recent study reveals the top motivations:

• 39% – Overall wellness
• 19% – General fitness
• 9.5% – To manage a specific physical condition
• 8.5% – To improve flexibility
• 6% – To support mental health

The UK Yoga & Pilates Industry (2024)

• Valuation: £926 million

• Businesses: 4,930

• Employment: 16,445 people

• Industry Growth (2022): 25.1%

France

• 10.7 million practitioners in the last 3 years (~20.5% of the population)

• 300% growth in the past decade

• 52% practice regularly; 7.9 million practice at least twice monthly

Italy

• 6 million practitioners (up from 2M in just 6 years)

• 830 yoga schools nationwide

• Market to grow from $106B (2022) to $180B by 2027

Germany

• 3.21 million people (aged 14+) practice yoga regularly

• Over 30% of yoga schools offer certified teacher training programs

Belgium

• 4–5% of the population (~500,000 people) practice yoga

• Average age: ~40 years

Netherlands

• 1–1.5 million practitioners (6–8% of the population)

• Average age: ~35 years

Luxembourg

• 30,000–50,000 regular practitioners (5–8% of the population)

• Average age: 35–40 years

Turkey

• Urban surveys suggest 5–10% have tried yoga; regular practice is lower

European Trend Overview

• Across Europe, 3–10% of the population practice yoga

• Most practitioners are aged 30–40

• Women continue to lead participation, but interest among men is rising

Global Rise of Yoga Influencers on Instagram

COVID-19 and the wellness boom led to a significant surge in yoga-related social media influence:

Yoga Influencer Growth by Country:

• France: +230% (March 2020 alone)

• Spain: +221%

• Italy: +110%

• Australia: +127%

• Germany: +58%

• United States: +50%

Yoga Statistics in Australia

• In July 2012 a study published in the International Journal of Yoga suggests that between 1.7% and 2.9% of the Australian adult population practices yoga.

• 71.9% of survey respondents started yoga to increase their health and fitness.

• 86.5% continued their practice to increase flexibility and muscle tone.

• 61% of yoga sessions in Australia are either Vinyasa yoga or Yin-style yoga (more on that below).

• 39% of yoga workouts in Australia are gentler sequences involving breathing techniques and meditation.

• The value of the yoga studio market in Australia was estimated at $608 million in 2022.

• A survey revealed that Australians rate gentle or restorative yoga as the most preferred form of mindful movement.

• In surveying people who participate in group exercise activities, 10% attend gentle or restorative yoga classes.

Yoga in the Middle East

Lebanon

• Estimated practice rate (urban areas): 5–10%

• Average Age: 30–40 years

Israel

• Tried yoga: 15–20%

• Regular practitioners: 5–10%

• Average Age: 30–40 years

Iran

• Practitioners (urban adults): 2–3%

• Average Age: 30–40 years

Yoga in African Countries

South Arabia

• Urban/youth engagement: 5–10%

• Average Age: 25–40 years

Egypt

• Urban participation: 2–3%

• Average Age: 30–40 years

Tunisia, Algeria, Morocco

• Sparse data; likely under 5% participation

• Growing interest in wellness trends

South Africa

• Ever practiced yoga: ~10%

• Regular practitioners: 5–7% (~3–4 million people)

• Average Age: 30–40 years

Popularity of Yoga in the world (Top 20 Countries)

In the eastern and western regions of the world, there are countries where people actively participate in daily yoga sessions. In nations like India where yoga is practiced as a holistic discipline encompassing mental, physical, and spiritual aspects. Meanwhile, in countries such as the United States and the United Kingdom, yoga is primarily perceived as a physical practice aimed at alleviating pain and stress.

Here are the top 20 countries that are popular amongst yoga enthusiasts as yoga destinations in the world:

Yoga Trends and New Age Activities:

Here are the latest yoga trends you need to look out for:

Yoga Preferences: Where Do People Really Like to Practice?

A recent public social media survey revealed some interesting insights into where yogis feel most comfortable:

• 67% prefer practicing at home – whether through online classes, yoga apps, self-guided sessions, or private instruction.

• 43% enjoy yoga studios, valuing the immersive, community-driven experience.

• 38% practice at the gym, combining fitness and flexibility routines.

• Only 32% practice outdoors, despite the natural beauty and calming environment.

Takeaway: While nature has its charm, convenience and comfort reign supreme. Home-based yoga continues to dominate modern practice preferences.

The Online Yoga Industry and its Stats.

According to a 2020 survey on attitudes toward online yoga in Japan, the most popular opinion (40.8% of respondents) was that:

"Online yoga allows for more carefree participation than going to a physical facility."

This highlights a growing trend:
✅ Comfort and privacy at home are becoming key reasons why people choose virtual classes.
✅ Online yoga is not just a temporary trend—it’s becoming a preferred method of practice for many.

As more people prioritize flexibility, safety, and convenience, online yoga continues to gain momentum in Japan and globally.

How Online YTTs Are Transforming Yoga Education

1. Shift to Digital Platforms
In 2020, a Yoga Alliance survey revealed that 75% of yoga teacher trainees were completing their courses online. The COVID-19 pandemic greatly accelerated this shift, moving traditional in-person trainings to virtual platforms.

2. Rise of Online Yoga Schools
Platforms like Yoga International, Udemy, and Gaia now offer a wide range of yoga courses—from beginner sessions to advanced teacher certifications—removing geographical and scheduling barriers.

3. Flexibility and Accessibility
65% of prospective trainees cite flexibility and self-paced learning as the biggest advantages of online YTTs. These programs are ideal for students with busy lives, remote locations, or limited access to traditional yoga schools.

Where is yoga most popular?

• Canada is the country where yoga is the most popular.

• While it can be difficult to monitor yoga popularity by country, Google Trend data shows which countries Google ‘yoga’ and associated terms the most, which gives a good indication of popularity.

Top Ten Countries Who Googled About Yoga

India: The Homeland of Yoga

As the birthplace of yoga, India's connection with yoga is deep-rooted, cultural, and spiritual. So integral is this ancient science to Indian life that the government established a dedicated Ministry of AYUSH (Ayurveda, Yoga, Unani, Siddha, and Homeopathy) to promote holistic wellness on a national scale.

Yoga in Indian Daily Life

Yoga is practiced across a wide range of ages, genders, religious groups, and economic backgrounds. Despite these differences, one unifying belief stands strong:

Over 91.5% of Indians believe yoga can help prevent and treat health conditions.

Participation Rates in India

India has the highest percentage of yoga practitioners globally. Here's how participation breaks down:

• 7% practice yoga daily

• 6% practice weekly

• 22% practice less than once a month

• 62% practice infrequently

These numbers reflect not just tradition, but a growing embrace of yoga as a modern wellness tool in the very land where it all began.

Global Demand for Yoga Teachers

The global demand for certified yoga teachers has seen a remarkable surge, driven by both personal growth and professional opportunities. Here's what recent data reveals:

• 55% of yoga teachers currently teach part-time, while 30% transition into full-time instructors after completing a 200-hour Yoga Teacher Training (YTT) course.

• According to Yoga Alliance, there are now an estimated 300,000 yoga teachers worldwide.

• The global yoga instructor training market is valued at over $2.5 billion, with strong growth expected as wellness trends continue to rise.

• In the United States alone, nearly 12,000 yoga teacher training programs were offered in 2020. This number has since increased, particularly with the mainstream acceptance of online YTT courses.

Takeaway: The booming wellness industry, combined with flexible learning formats and a growing interest in mindful living, is fueling a consistent and expanding need for trained yoga instructors across the world.

Ongoing Education in Yoga

For yoga instructors, learning never stops. Many teachers go beyond their foundational certification to deepen their knowledge and broaden their teaching scope. Here's how ongoing education is shaping the yoga profession:

• 25–30% of yoga teachers pursue specialized training in areas such as prenatal yoga, Yoga Nidra, or breathwork coaching, enhancing their ability to serve diverse student needs.

• About 35% complete a 500-hour YTT, solidifying their expertise and opening opportunities for advanced teaching roles.

• The field of yoga therapy is experiencing rapid growth. Qualifications have increased by 40% in the past five years, with over 2,000 certified yoga therapists globally, according to the International Association of Yoga Therapists (IAYT).

• With increasing focus on emotional well-being, trauma-informed yoga is gaining traction. Nearly 18% of yoga instructors now offer trauma-sensitive classes, according to Yoga Alliance.

Key Insight: Continued education not only elevates teaching quality but also helps instructors reach more students—from pregnant women to those healing from trauma—making yoga more inclusive and impactful.

How Much Money Do Yoga Teachers Make?

Talking about income in the yoga world can feel a little taboo—but transparency is essential for preventing burnout and empowering teachers to value their work.

Yoga instructor earnings vary widely based on location, experience, specialization, and employment type (studio, gym, private sessions, or online teaching).

According to ZipRecruiter:

• The lowest average salary for yoga instructors is in North Carolina: around $45,437/year.

• The highest average salary is reported in New York: approximately $64,254/year.

• The median base hourly pay in the U.S. is $30.46/hour.

Key Factors Influencing Yoga Teacher Income:

• Urban vs. rural settings (cities usually pay more)

• Certifications (e.g., 500-hour YTT, trauma-informed, yoga therapy)

• Experience level and client base

• Offering private sessions or workshops

• Online presence and brand-building

With the rise of online yoga and niche markets like prenatal or therapeutic yoga, teachers now have more avenues than ever to grow their income—while still making a positive impact.

How to Make Money as a Certified Yoga Teacher

Becoming a certified yoga teacher opens up multiple income streams—far beyond teaching at a studio. In fact, over 55% of yoga instructors now earn additional income through online content, retreats, private sessions, and brand partnerships.

Common Ways to Earn as a Yoga Teacher:

• Private Yoga Sessions:

  • $70–$150/session (U.S. average)

• Corporate Yoga Classes:

  • $75–$250/class, depending on staff size and location

• Group Classes:

  • $15–$25 per person for private group sessions

• Online Yoga Classes:

  • Still preferred by 40% of yoga practitioners post-pandemic due to convenience and affordability

• Studio Classes (UK example):

  • £10–£20 for drop-in sessions

  • £80–£100/month for memberships

Additional Revenue Opportunities:

• Host yoga retreats or workshops

• Launch an online course or YouTube channel

• Sell eBooks, class recordings, or guided meditations

• Collaborate with wellness brands for sponsorships

• Offer specialized services (e.g., prenatal, trauma-informed, or yoga therapy)

Whether teaching locally or globally online, your certification is just the beginning. With a smart strategy, yoga can become both a fulfilling passion and a sustainable career.